I earn almost 200% more than my husband, and I think he resents me for it. Anytime I complain about the cost of things, he’d “jokingly” say stuff like, “If big madam like you is complaining, what about we poor people?” It sounds like a joke, but he’s always making offhand comments like that. I can’t tease him about buying me stuff because he’d say I’m richer than him.
I’ve spoken to him about how his comments make me feel, but he’d apologise and then go right back to it after some time. I’ve always had more money, even before we got married three years ago, but it’s as if he only realised it after. It makes me uncomfortable, but it’s my cross.
Joyce*, 31
I walk on eggshells around my husband when it comes to finances. He’s very traditional and believes he should be the one to provide. He knows I earn more but insists we live a life he can afford. One time, I suggested changing our child’s school, and he said he couldn’t afford the fees. When I offered to pay it myself, he was like, “So, you’ll tell people I can’t do my duty as a father, abi?”
I have to hide any new thing I get for myself or our child because he’d start sulking if he noticed. Another time, I sent money to his account to offset an urgent need without informing him. He just muttered a thank you and went about his business. I haven’t tried it again. A family friend advised me to send all my money to him at month’s end and then ask him to give me an allowance so he’d feel like the man of the house. Me, I can’t give a man that kind of control over my life.
My husband appreciates that I bring enough to the table, so he doesn’t feel a way about me earning more. But he doesn’t buy me stuff.
We’re very transparent about how we spend money, and I always tell him before making any payment. I can say I like a particular wig now, and he’ll just say, “Buy it na”. I have the money, but I wish he’d take the initiative and buy me stuff with his own money too. The one time I tried to talk about this, he said, “I thought both your money and my money is OUR money. It doesn’t matter where the money to buy what you want comes out from.” But it matters to me. There’s no surprise or feeling like, “My husband bought me this.”
Dora*, 25
I’ve been dating my boyfriend for about two years and only started earning more than him when I got a new job in 2023. When I first told him my new salary, he joked about me putting him on a boyfriend allowance since I now outearn him. But he doesn’t ask me for money, and I haven’t noticed any change in him. I can now afford to take him on dates and send random gifts, which I love doing. He’s done the same for me, so it’s not a big deal.
Stella*, 28
I took on most of our wedding expenses two years ago, and have been the primary provider in the house since then. I didn’t think it was an issue because he also spent his money on us. But he lost his job six months ago and doesn’t seem in a hurry to get a new one. The one time I suggested he help me make the market runs since he was home and I was working late, he threw a fit. I can’t ask him to help me around the house because he’d take offense. But I’ve handled rent and other home expenses without a word for years.
Why is it that I can take up his duty as a provider without complaint, but he can’t assist me with mine?
Josephine*, 30
I’ve always earned more than my husband, and he’s a generally good sport about it. But he can also be sensitive. I didn’t know this when we first got married, so every time I returned from the market, I’d rant to him about how everything was getting more expensive. It was harmless gist to me, but one day, he told me he usually felt bad when I complained about money.
In his mind, it was because I was spending my own money since he couldn’t afford to pay for all the home expenses. So now, I’m conscious about how I talk about money with him. Money has contributed to many of our fights — he gets mad if I try to talk about his spending habits. It’s just a sensitive topic in our home.
In a perfect world, we’d never get wrinkles, and I’d still have my flat stomach from secondary school. But life is a bad belle, which means we can’t escape the body changes that come with ageing.
These changes are inevitable, but that doesn’t mean we can’t prepare for it. I spoke to some 30+ women on some of the changes they’ve noticed as they got older, and how they’re navigating it.
Diane*, 33
I think there are two phases to the body changes we experience as women: ageing and childbirth.
I started feeling self-conscious around 24 when I began putting on weight, then I got married at 25 and put on more “happy” weight. I had my first child when I was about to turn 28, and pregnancy and delivery took a toll on me. I only started to feel like myself three years after giving birth. It’s 2023, and I just had my second child. So, I’m just going through the motions, wondering if it’d also take me another three years to feel like myself again.
Sometimes, it feels like the entire female body system is against the woman and her mind; hormonal imbalances, menstrual cycle and the like. Right now, I’m just going through it. The internet keeps bringing these ads about injections that suppress the appetite to help lose weight my way.
Since I don’t have liposuction money, it’s looking like a cheaper alternative.
Seun, 30
Maybe it’s because I just turned 30, but I haven’t really experienced any physical change. Mentally though, I feel more feminine. I was a very awkward young woman, but now I feel like I’ve “bloomed”. I just feel womanly and more in control of my emotions. I don’t have to pander to anyone or hide. To be honest, I wish I had turned 30 sooner.
Eunice, 53
For me, it’s ageing and menopause, and it’s a struggle. Physically, I’ve gained more weight that my several diets haven’t been able to shake. I’ve also developed loose skin and arthritis. Mentally, I’m usually tired all the time and more emotional than before. I’m glad to be rid of periods, but the body keeps bringing more struggles each day. It’s like women don’t rest.
Moji, 31
I’ve always been really slim with an iron-board-flat stomach. I even used to joke about wanting to add weight so people would respect my age. My body must have a sense of humour because my flat stomach began to disappear when I turned 27. I wasn’t ready at all. I’ll admit I eat late-night snacks because I work late most days, but I’ve been doing that forever. It just seems to be catching up with me now.
I’ve had to be more conscious of how I eat. I’m also considering hitting the gym, but I’m mostly tired all the time now and never seem to be able to “psych” myself into putting in the work. I’m not sure if I’m just lazy or it’s age.
Clara*, 31
I’ve had sparse chin and chest hair since I entered puberty, but they’ve grown more since I turned 27. I’ve never been pregnant, but some weight gain a couple of years ago means I have some stretch marks on my breasts. For a while, I didn’t recognise who was staring back at me in the mirror and would wear clothes that stopped at my neck, but I’ve accepted that things can’t stay the same.
So, I’m trying to love my body afresh. I’m choosing my clothes now with the intention of flattering my new body and feeling confident when I step out of the house.
*Some names have been changed for the sake of anonymity.
You know what won’t change, though? Our love for food. We’re celebrating the Nigerian culture of meat and grill at Burning Ram on November 11. Get an early bird ticket while they’re still available.
It’s easy for albums to easily get lost in the pile of the singles 2023 has been choked with. So we went digging into the Nigerian music released so far to discover and rediscover the bodies of work women have blessed us with this year.
KOLLIDE – Kold AF
On KOLLIDE, Kold AF’s vocabulary oozes of admirable bluntness and confidence. They hold stead and still leave one open enough to admit that “I’m a hard guy, but I hurt sometimes too.” The EP offers six songs that explore romance, being broke and keeping heart on the sleeve.
Kold AF is an amazing singer and overall, KOLLIDE is clear afropop and r&b fusion. With a platform like Aristokrats Records (Burna Boy, LeriQ, Mojeed, Novemba) behind her, it’s only up. We’re rooting for her.
Heaven Has Come – TY Bello
TY Bello invited other artists she loves together on Heaven Has Come. Listening to the album comes with a feeling that suggests that it’s more than just an album of MP3s and WAV. files — it’s transcendental experiences of worship and praise. The production is excellent, catchy and modern, but won’t make you lose your home training and start throwing legwork anyhow.
Grey Choir – Christtie Jay
Christtie as Jay is an innate storyteller and spoken word artist. Her newly-released EP, Grey Choir, beautifully blends spoken word and music,explores self-love, sexuality, relationships, melancholy, grief, and japa themes.
The sonic palette of the project is just as broad as the array of emotions and topics she explores. On Story Story, guest artist Mo’Believe’s book builds a commentary around Lagos-living.One could almost hear Christtie Jay burst into tears on Hello/Goodbye, the track before the last. Poetry-music projects require attentiveness, including Grey Choir.But you never know what the next track will sound like. Every song is unique and captivating.
Angel On The Run – Rukmani
Rukmani’s EPis Pop-inflected R&B at its finest. Angel On The Run opens with guitar strings that usher in Rukmani. From the first track, Purpose, a song about reconciling past mistakes, to the seventh track, Softies Vibes, a vulnerable expression of self-love, Rukmani’s silky voice keeps calling to her listener.
Angel On The Run is the music to get cosy to, especially when emotional waves crash over you.
Winny – WINNY
On her self-titled debut music project, Winny, a Nigerian reggae artist, turns her love tales and heartaches into songs. Winny’s voice can quickly become a rude gyal’s weapon, full-blasting in patois. At the same speed, she can be very soft and begs a lover not to leave. WINNY is an exciting body of work; the seven tracks promises that the Nigerian music scene will soon become very fluid and accessible to all styles and genre
Anger Management – Bloody Civilian
Beyond being a super producer and sound engineer, Bloody Civilian isn’t your average artist. Check her collaborative effort with Native Records and Marvel’s Black Panther. Even her name. Then check her Anger Management EP. But don’t stop there — dive into the music project and enjoy her brilliant brand of storytelling that’s rare in our popular music scene. Parental supervision, poke-nosing family members, and anti-misogyny are some of the stories Bloody Civilian lays bare in the project. If you’re not jamming to this for enjoyment, don’t forget it anytime you fume angry.
Kaleidoscope – Lindsey Abudei
In Nigeria, where niché music isn’t as widely accepted, Lindsey Abudei continues to polish her brand of Neo-soul, alternative R&B. Her new project, Kaleidoscope, is recent proof.
The music on Kaleidoscope is cinematic. Asides from her lyricism, the drums are softly tapping, guitar strings jumping and giving Jazz vibes. On days that emotions are high and running, or there’s just stillness — Lindsey’s got us.
Also, film production companies and theatres need to holla at her and cut her cheques for movie soundtracks ASAP.
dear diary – RnB Princess
In five songs, RnB Princess lifts the things that usually stay in a diary to the recording studio,spilling her heart out about unreturned love, jilt and the relationship woes that trouble a Gen-Z lady. The EP features new R&B babes Tsuni and Keziah Mallam — one can liken their collaboration to a girl’s night out, in group support of a heartbroken friend that shouldn’t be left by her pain or loneliness. Nothing is actually hotter than women supporting women.
Elevated – Mercy Chinwo
In just six tracks, Mercy Chinwo performs worship songs that’ll put you in thanksgiving mode and waving your hands in the air. But these are not only church songs; they are personal testimonies and declarations many Gospel or Christian music lovers will passionately sing along to. The instrumentals are vibrant, exciting and comforting — she beautifully sings of her belief and spirituality.
Mercy Chinwo isn’t one of Africa’s most prominent gospel artists for nothing.
Lifesize Teddy – Lifesize Teddy
At a time we can count Nigerian female mainstream rappers on one palm, Lifesize Teddy shows up as Mavin’s last signee with her titular EP. She raps and sings well in English and Pidgin English. The PH dialects you hear in her lines are pointers to her home-base, City of Garden. Get in tune with Teddy.
Pan African Rockstar – Lady Donli
After a four-year album break, Lady Donli’s sophomore album, Pan African Rockstar comes out and gets on our rotation,blasting funk, percussion and electric guitars.
Many considered her first album Enjoy Your Life a classic, and her latest has materials and the making of a classic, too. We’ll give it some time, but this is an album we won’t stop jamming for a while.
All of Eniolaa – Eniolaa
She’s a singer who does afropop and other sounds like Amapiano and R&B. Her EP combines these sounds with her girly side and street consciousness. When not moulding Arya Starr and Fave on King Kong, she’s a neo-Fuji star like Asake on Iyele or a blue c-note, worried and gloomy, on Holy Days.
Lagos 101 – Bella Alubo
Although Bella Alubo came from Jos, she’s handing us a guide to navigate Lagos.
The growth of Bella Alubo has been interesting to see. She went from being a straight-up rapper to becoming an all-around artist. Lagos 101 is a commendable effort. It may be the direction she feels is next for her career, but we still struggle to connect to the music.
In Lagos 101, she’s singing about having fun and not rushing into love. Even though we found some details about the widespread belief that finding love in Lagos might be the hardest; either you’re the hunter or end up the target.
More – Grace Idowu
Grace Idowu is a gospel artist with a commanding voice. One vocal cord moves, and it grabs your attention.
More, her second body of work, is a choir-backed seven-track that focuses on eulogising God, strengthening her relationship with the spiritual being and speaking positively into existence. The beats are very hard, but Grace Idowu even goes harder with her rap verse on Joy, our favourite track on the EP. GIf there are love songs to God, this is what they sound like.
Listen to them:
We asked Nigerian women to share their experiences with financial abuse and why they’d rather make their own money. And if the stories we got are anything to go by, Nigerian women constantly experience partners withholding money or controlling their spending as a form of control.
My ex-husband and I had no clear stance on financial issues before marriage. I guess love blinded us, or me. A friend advised us to get a joint account so we could both save for important projects, and we thought it sounded good, so we did it.
The first mistake I made was making the joint account my primary account. The second was making my ex the primary signatory. Either of us could withdraw without approval from the other, but he alone received alerts and had the debit card. My ex is an entrepreneur, while I work a 9-5. It meant I was the only one who was sure of a monthly salary. So, we decided to make the joint account my official salary account, and he’d drop money in the account when he made a profit.
It went well for the first two years, but then his business hit a rough patch, and we started depending on only my salary. That wasn’t an issue until he began to prevent me from accessing the money. Can you imagine that I’d stand before him every day before work to collect transport money for the day? I’ve seen shege. I couldn’t buy sugar in the house if he didn’t release money.
I complained severely and involved family, but he made it seem like it was because I was the one bringing the money. Then he added cheating to the mix, but that’s a story for another day.
If I ever get married again, my eyes will be very clear. I work hard to make my own money and can’t depend on anyone again, whether he’s richer than me or not. People are unpredictable.
Jennifer*, 20
From everything I saw my mum go through with my dad, it’s just not an option for me to depend on a man financially.
He prevented her from working or doing anything to earn money but still gave the impression that he was doing us a favour anytime he provided for the home. He wasn’t struggling, but he seemed to have a thing for using money to show he was in charge. I can’t forget one day when I was much younger, my mum was very ill and bedridden. She was literally crying from the bed, begging him to give her ₦5k so we could call a nurse. He refused. My siblings and I had to go behind his back when he wasn’t around to beg one nurse on our street to help her for free.
He does the same to us children. You have to do his every wish if you hope to collect ₦2k from him. It’s one reason I don’t joke with my hustle now. I’m not saying it’s bad for anyone to depend on anyone; there are still good people out there. But me, I can’t risk it.
Joan*, 23
I just got out of a four-year relationship that was toxic in every sense of the word. He is almost ten years older, and I met him as an undergraduate. He had a business centre in school, and I moved in with him almost immediately after we started the relationship. I even had a falling out with my parents because of that.
He used to take care of me a lot in the beginning, and even paid my fees. But he was also aggressive and controlling. He collected my ATM card because he didn’t want me collecting money from guys. If a family member sent me money, I had to delete the alert so he wouldn’t see it, and then, transfer the money to a POS agent. Anytime we fought, he’d lock my wardrobe and kitchen because he bought the clothes and food.
I know better now, and I’m trying my best to make sure I don’t fall into that trap again.
Did you know we’re cooking THE biggest meat festival in Nigeria? Sign up here to join other foodies and meat enthusiasts to celebrate the one thing that binds our meals together.
Lola*, 24
A close friend of mine had her phone smashed and long braids cut short in public. The stupid boy did this because he paid for them, and she had the “audacity” to come to a faculty dinner without informing him first. I’ve learnt from the experiences of others, please. I collect money from men, but it’s only what I know I can refund. So if you move mad, I’ll just ask for your account number and refund you straight up. No time.
Kemi*, 19
My dad was the first to educate me about financial abuse. He’s very intentional about his girls not falling into the wrong hands. We had a neighbour growing up who always looked dapper, but his wife looked like someone on the brink of death. She was always begging my mum for food. My mum even used to give her clothes and help braid her hair. It was the same old story; he didn’t allow her to work, but he didn’t take care of her either.
My dad makes sure he gives me whatever I need. When he doesn’t have, he explains his financial situation and rings it in my ear that he’ll always be there for me. He’s also taught me the importance of working hard to make my own money so no one takes me for a fool.
Chisom*, 28
My elder sister works but submits her money to her husband as the “head of the house”. He dictates everything she’s allowed to spend on, even to the last kobo. She seems okay with it, but she’s a shadow of herself. This is someone who enjoyed buying stuff for herself before marriage and wouldn’t be caught dead wearing the same outfit more than three times. Now, she looks like someone suffering.
I can’t interfere in their marriage, and I can’t even say who’s earning more, but it’s given me the ginger to make my own money and talk about finances extensively before entering any marriage.
Daniella*, 27
Living in Abuja means I’ve mostly dated rich kids. I’ve had a partner who paid my rent and expected me not to entertain visitors, both male and female, or go out without informing him.
Another one got me a phone he’d already installed spyware on. I found out when people reached out to me that someone was calling them, saying he was my boyfriend. I ended both relationships before they started getting even funnier, but I realise if I depended on them for money, they’d have succeeded in controlling me. It’s all the more reason why I have to work hard.
*Names have been changed for the sake of anonymity
Navigating life as a woman in the world today is interesting. From Nigeria to Timbuktu, it’ll amaze you how similar all our experiences are. Every Wednesday, women the world over will share their experiences on everything from sex to politics right here.
I have a fear of home invasions. All forms of it: burglaries, armed robbery, break-ins. The crux of that fear is having an unwelcome stranger in my house.
It was just a few minutes past 2 a.m. when I woke up to stare at my phone’s too-bright screen. The date was May 24, 2023. I heard a soft click, and the door to my room opened slowly. I was confused, and at first, I thought, “I didn’t close it properly. A breeze must have happened.”
But the door didn’t stop opening. The slice of light from the hallway kept widening. It was now clear that someone was on the other end of the door, and they were opening it slowly, trying to make sure they wouldn’t wake me. My flatmates usually knock first.
“Who the fuck is that?” I yelled before I realised I was angry or afraid. The door immediately stopped moving. I jumped out of bed — it takes a few seconds because I sleep naked and have to wear a robe — and chased after them, but they were gone by the time I got there.
Outside my door, there was a lingering whiff of body odour in the hallway. In the living room, the balcony door was open. My flatmates and I live on the first floor, so this person climbed the railing to get into our apartment.
I didn’t know until daylight, but they left a handprint on the wall right by the balcony door.
I slammed the balcony sliding door closed, almost losing my little finger. Then I walked back to my room and stood at the door, trembling. All I could think was, “There was someone in this house. There was someone in our house.” I stood there for a while before I heard someone yelling from the next house. The person must’ve climbed the fence to get into the next compound. When I finally stopped shaking, I went inside, locked the door and texted my flatmates.
I lay in bed, staring at my door, half expecting it to open for a stranger to come in and attack me. I couldn’t sleep until 4:56 a.m.
Now, look. I’m well aware of how careless we were. The balcony has three doors: a burglary-proof door, a sliding net door and a sliding glass door. They were all closed, but none were locked; entry was easy. And my neighbour was robbed the previous month, possibly by the same person.
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The following day, I bought the strongest padlock I could find and permanently locked the burglary-proof gate. When I spoke to some neighbours, they told me the security guard in the next compound had seen him jumping the fence. He’d taken my neighbour’s make-up purse, which he’d dumped in the next house. Then he apparently came back that same night and tried to rob some other neighbours.
I couldn’t sleep properly for days, so I packed my shit and went to a friend’s house until I felt ready to return home.
One early morning in late June, a few weeks later, I heard the soft click of the door again. I opened my eyes and saw a blurry image of someone standing at the door. Before I could fully process my thoughts or the pounding of my heart, I yelled at them, “WHO THE HELL ARE YOU?” As the person rushed toward me, saying, “It’s me,” I realised it was a friend who had come over for a few days, not an intruder. It felt like the whole thing had happened again for a few seconds. Only this time, they actually got into my room to attack me.
As my friend comforted me, and I tried to calm my heart, I started laughing because it was too funny. Would I always be afraid of the sound of my door? I’d been so angry that they’d come back, but what did I think my fearful anger was going to do, scare them away? It did before, so maybe it has some power.
I check all the doors before I go to bed now, but every time I open my door and hear the soft click, I get a flashback that makes me shake my head. Don’t go to bed without locking your doors, people.
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Today’s story, however, takes us back to the late 1940s, when a women-led resistance movement fought against the British colonial system of multiple taxation on women and led to the dethronement of a king.
This is the story of the Egba Women’s Tax Revolt.
Egba women were indelible forces of anti-colonial resistance [UNESCO/The Republic]
In Colonial Nigeria, government revenue (in the Southern Provinces) came from two sources—import duties (a tax collected on imports and some exports by a country’s customs authorities) and railway freights.
Under import duties, the real “moneymaker” for the British was trading German liquor and spirits, and Germany was the epicentre of World War I (1914-1918). Before 1901, liquor duties were three shillings, but by 1901, it increased to as much as six shillings! This resulted in liquor being a scarce commodity during the war.
The high liquor import duties and shipping difficulties caused revenue from that sector to drop drastically. Which ultimately affected the government’s pockets.
Undated photograph of German soldiers posing for a picture while drinking beer [Beer and World War 1]
At this point, Lord Lugard was extremely desperate to get the nation’s finances in order. He had to plead with the British colonial office formally to impose direct taxation on the Yorubas, but the British government took its time to give any kind of approval.
Even though there was no word from the British, the native rulers felt pressure from the colonial government to generate revenue no matter what. This led to indirect taxation known as the ‘sanitation fines’ in April 1917.
The “Sanitation Fines” and How This Affected Egba Women
As the name implies, sanitation fines were monetary penalties one had to pay for not keeping their environment neat and tidy. To make up for the government’s lack of revenue, they needed to catch offenders, summon them to court, and make them pay fines—and market women or rural women were always the easy targets.
These women had to pay fines of up to five shillings, with an additional eight shillings for court summons, making it thirteen shillings. Sometimes the courts could even decide to inflate prices by close to thirty shillings.
The “offences committed” were usually very mundane, like not sweeping the front of their compounds or setting up water pots outside the house with no covers (which could cause mosquito breeding).
The sanitation fines turned out to be a successful revenue scheme for the British. In the Native Courts alone, they made up to £1.6 million from 1.9 million sanitary case offences. It encouraged British colonial officials to further impose stricter taxes on women.
The “Independent Woman” Mode of Taxation
After much deliberation, the British Colonial Office introduced the official method of taxation for Abeokuta on January 1, 1918. This was with the approval of the Secretary of the Native Authority, Adegboyega Edun. But right from the start, there was something not quite right with this new tax.
Adegboyega Edun [Nairaland]
The model was for every adult to pay an average of 5 shillings per head. Based on the number of adults in a household, the head of the compound was given an amount that the family must pay. This happened to exclude women, as they had to pay a totally different amount of tax altogether.
This was entirely different from the model of taxation in other parts of the country, which didn’t recognise women as different from men. In that model, “tax for every household will be £1, including the wife, and £10 per annum for additional wives.”
Despite several complaints, the British Resident bluntly refused to change the system. Women were more prevalent than men in the population, which made the taxation spread wider, and he knew that if he increased the men’s taxes, they may cause ‘wahala’ and riots.
Ironically, despite his efforts to reduce mayhem, the people were not at all pleased with the taxation system. The income of the people was not considered. They still had to pay customs dues and shop licences, and forced labour was still in practice. This led to the Adubi War of 1918.
How the Adubi War Solved Tax Problems for Men But Not Women
On June 13, 1918, 30,000 Abeokuta residents protested their displeasure by destroying railway and telegraph lines south of Abeokuta. Neighbouring Yorubas from the French colony of Dahomey also joined the fight, as they also protested against forced army recruitment for World War I.
Three thousand British soldiers were used to suppress the revolt, after which 1,000 Egba civilians and 100 soldiers were killed.
Despite the bloodshed, the tax scheme was modified. Men who earned less than £40 per year were now required to pay five shillings a year, with women paying two shillings and six pence. Those above £40 paid 1% of their income in taxes, while landlords were taxed 5% of their rental income.
However, this modification did not favour women. Women expected the government to make the market favourable for them as traders so that they could also profit, but there were no gains whatsoever.
Market women were charged as much as £3 for sheds. Those who couldn’t afford it and made use of ‘illegal’ spaces had to pay fines. The industries they could profit from were also limited, as they included only trading foodstuffs, imported goods, and local textiles. And these problems continued until World War II (1939–1945).
Egba women are unhappy over the multiple taxes [Getty Images]
In the words of the women’s representative to the Oba, Madam Jojolola, “The women all complained that they derive no benefit from the government. We make no profit on the goods we sell, and yet we have been called upon to pay taxes…”
The Rise of Women Through the Abeokuta Women’s Union (AWU)
The AWU – a combination of market women and the Christian Abeokuta Ladies Club (ALC) – emerged in 1945. Although initially a social club for middle-class women, it morphed to respond to the unending taxes on women and ultimately the brutality of colonial rule. They felt they could do this by uniting both working class market women and middle class women as one.
Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti was its first president, and the Alake (King) of Egba land in Abeokuta, Ademola, was its first patron. Grace Eniola Soyinka also joined Funmilayo’s leadership.
Portrait of 70 year-old Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti[Obioma Ofoego/UNESCO]
The Soyinka Family in 1938. Wole Soyinka’s mother and father, Grace Eniola Soyinka and Samuel Ayodele Soyinka, with Wole, Tinu, and Femi. [Wole Soyinka]
To end the taxation regime, they wrote proposals to the Alake of Egba for the following:
Replacement of the flat rate tax on women with taxation on foreign companies;
Investment in local initiatives and infrastructure, including transportation, sanitation and education;
The abolition of the Sole Native Authority and its replacement with a representative form of government that would include women.
Alongside these proposals, they heavily fought the colonial government with different kinds of resistance tactics. Many women stopped paying their taxes altogether, and they either got fined or jailed. The AWU also wrote several petitions to the Alake between August 1946 and May 1947, but to no avail.
This eventually provoked the Egba Women’s Protests or Revolt.
The Egba Women’s Revolt
Egba women were indelible forces of anti-colonial resistance [UNESCO/The Republic]
From Mid-October 1946, Ransome-Kuti and women from the AWU started to hold mass protests outside the king’s palace to demand the removal of direct taxation. The response was brutal, with police deploying tear gas and beating up the women.
But despite the obstacles, these women didn’t relent. They released a document in 1947 called “AWU’s Grievances”, which contained all their accusations against Alake and the Secretary of Native Authority. Ten thousand women then held another demonstration outside Alake’s palace, which lasted two days, while insulting Alake with different songs.
Alake’s response was an empty promise on tax suspension. More women got arrested and assaulted, including Funmilayo.
On December 8, 1947, over ten thousand women camped outside Alake’s palace and refused to leave until every woman arrested was released. They stood resiliently and remained until December 10, when they released the women.
Thousands of women come to show support for Funmilayo Ransome Kuti and the detained women. [Ransome-Kuti Family Archives]
However, the women didn’t get their demands met until three years later, in January 1949.
The British removed the Alake from the throne, the tax was removed, and four women were established in seats of power.
It is worthy to note that both the tax and the Alake later returned, but for a while, the women won.
The Impact
It is sad to see that market women are still being taxed without inclusive consideration in 2023.
A Nigerian marketplace. [Google]
In an article by TechCabal, market women are revealed to make little profit on their income as a result of various taxes for the local government, Lagos State agency officials, Kick Against Indiscipline officers (KAI), etc.
In July, the Nigerian Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) announced the Value Added Tax (VAT) Direct Initiative, a way for the federal government to collect Value Added Taxes (VAT) from market women and reduce multiple taxation.
Will the VAT be effective? Will it lead to another women’s revolt? We’ll see what becomes of this.
The hair game is forever changing, so if you want to stay on top of the latest hairstyles for Nigerian ladies in 2024, you need to pay extra attention.
Whether you’re going for low-maintenance or simple and easy-to-wear styles, you’ll find something that fits your style in this list.
Hairstyles with attachment for ladies
Notin the mood to rock your wigs or handle the stress of sew-ins?? Don’t worry, the game has changed in 2024 and these attachment styles are some of the latest hairstyles for ladies. There’s no way you’re stepping out without causing good commotion.
Jumbo Senegalese twists
Source: Instagram/@ tricedabraider
This is a great option if you’re looking to breeze in and out of the salon and still look hot.
Criss-cross Ghana weaving
Source: Instagram/@iamcreation_of_beauty
Think of this as an elevated and playful version of the regular all-back braids.
Stitch braid
Source: Instagram/@neyhairs
Are you even a hot girl if you haven’t jumped on the stitch braid hairstyle in 2024?
Ziz-Zag stitch braid
Source: Instagram/@neyhairs
Go for this if you want to add extra pizzazz to the regular stitch-braid hairstyle.
Goddess braids
Source: Pinterest
What’s not to love about goddess braids? You’ll feel like a goddess with this hairstyle, though you also have to spend a lot of hours at the salon.
Ponytail with bangs
Source: Pinterest
Because regular ponytails are so 2010. Try this ponytail hairstyle for an extra edge.
Knotless braids with curly ends
Source: Pinterest
This hairstyle had the girlies in a chokehold in 2022 and still does, especially the version with curly ends.
Boho stitch braids
Source: Source: Instagram/@neyhairs
This hairstyle is a combination of boho and stitch braids. It is also a tribal braid hairstyle, think of it as an extra way of rocking stitch braids.
Nothing beats the feeling of knowing you can still look good on a budget. If what you’re going for is a simple, laid-back style that still fits with the latest hairstyles for Nigerian ladies in 2025, we got you covered.
Cornrows
Source: CuteAfrik Afro
Cornrows are a lifesaver, especially when you don’t want to do too much with your hair. You can even do it yourself if you have the time.
Bantu knots with curls
Source: Black beauty bombshells
Bantu knots has been around for a while and is always a hit.
Two-row cornrows
Source: Pinterest
Before you roll your eyes and ask, “Cornrows again?” Listen, cornrows are simple, affordable, classy and versatile. They also don’t look like your regular cornrows.
Ponytail
Source: Pinterest
Nothing screams “I can’t kill myself” like a ponytail. It’s a lifesaver when you don’t want to do too much with your hair.
Jumbo braids
Source: Pinterest
You’ll satisfy your craving for braids and still be out of the salon between 30 minutes to an hour.
This is another great option if you want braids but your bank account and patience level are saying something else.
Braided ponytail
Perfect for when you want to do something different with the regular ponytail style. It ranks high as one of the latest hairstyles for Nigerian Ladies in 2025. But the girlies are now using ombre sha.
Zigzag braids with beads
Source: Instagram/ @mk.lillle
The curls give a fresh breath of life to hairstyles that would have been better left in 2000 and this ZigZag braid is proof.
Maintenance might be a handful but locs are great if you don’t like making weekly trips to the salon. Thanks to the locticians committed to making their customers look good, there’re many options to choose from these days.
Starter locs
Source: Instagram/ @dreads_and_natural
For when you’re just starting on your loc journey.
Bantu locs
Instagram/ @dreads_and_natural
Who says you can’t rock your bantu knots because your hair is locked?
Bob locs
Source: Pinterest
A fun way to style your locs especially if they’re lengthy.
Jumbo bun locs
Source: Intagram/@dreadsbytms
To rock this style, you need at least 5 years old locs or get loc extensions.
Macrolocs in cornrows
If you already have macrolocs, this is a fun way to retwist them. We already agreed that cornrows is bae right?
Side swept locs
Source: Hair Adviser
Another fun styling option for anyone with lengthy locs.
Blonde dreads
Source:locs_guru
Dyeing your locs blonde for Barbie season is nothing but a hot serve.
Dyed locs
If going completely blonde is too much for you, consider an ombre style. Black and honey brown is a mad combo that bangs in 2024.
Microlocs
Source: Instagram/@nigerianlocs
A versatile option that still lets you make your regular braids.
Low cut hairstyles for ladies
You want to pour water on your head? Escape the headaches that come with new hairstyles? Sleep in any position you want? Then a low-cut’s probably your best option, and the game has changed in 2024. What are the latest low-cut hairstyles you can try ? Let’s go.
Blonde low cut
Source: Instagram/@nancyisimeofficial
No one rocks a blonde low cut better than Nancy Isime…until you try sha.
Low-cut with double side parting
Source: Instagram/@hayub_haircut
The side-parting is the steal here. Just the barber’s hand is straight
Blue waves cut with etched sides
Source: Instagram/mastercut_lekki
The question’s not why blue, it should be why not? Those etched sides are to die for by the way.
Pink curls with side shave
Source: Instagram/@mastercut_lekki
Hop on this style if you’re not on a complete low cut. You can also change the color to suit what you want, but we recommend Barbie pink.
Complete clean shave
Source: Instagram/the_oddity
You might need some courage to rock this look but it’s a stunner for real.
Tired of spending hours in the salon? Finally saved up enough to invest in wigs? If yes, here are some options to guide your shopping:
Loose wave closure
Something about this wig screams Roman goddess. Depending on your needs, you can shop for it in various colours.
Kinky straight
Go for this style if you want to give the illusion of rocking your natural hair. Be ready for questions like, “Is this your hair?”
Butterfly locs frontal wig
What’s better than a dreadlock style you can rock and take off at will?
Body wave closure
One thing about this wig style? Your hair flip game will be on point every single time.
Body wave with fringe
This is a fun twist to the regular body wave wig style.
Afro kinky wig
This wig style has been around for a while, but it’s still a winner in 2024.
Loose curls
Spend your coins on this wig, and you won’t have to announce your “rich aunty” status wherever you go.
Brazilian wool styles for ladies
Finally jumped on the Brazilian wool train but don’t know what style to make? Start with these ones:
Butterfly locs
Not a fan of butterfly locs wigs? Link up with your hairdresser to get the real deal.
Passion twists
Ignore the bulky appearance of this style because it’s a real showstopper.
Distressed twists
One good thing about this hairstyle? It can last for months, depending on how you manage it.
Braids with bantu knot tips
Switch things up with this braids x bantu knots combo using Brazilian wool.
Short braids with loose ends
If you’re not a fan of bantu knots, free things up with this loose ends style.
Box braid hairstyles
Micro box braids
If you’ve got the patience to spend hours in a salon, try this style. It lasts longer than regular-sized braids.
Boho knotless braids
Another style heavy on the Roman goddess vibes.
Raindrop box braids
Accessorise with as many transparent beads as you can get for that raindrop effect.
Trigger Warning: This story contains descriptions of violence and abuse against women, including murder. If you are sensitive to these themes or have experienced trauma related to these topics, please be aware that this story may be triggering. For more information or support, please visit here.
A quote by the women’s rights activist Zainab Salbi goes, “It seems that violence against women has been tolerated for so long that the world has become numb to it”. Unfortunately, this rings true particularly in Nigeria, as every year we see countless cases of violence and abuse that claim the lives of women, yet mere hours later, society carries on as if nothing has happened.
On July 17, 2023, popular Nigerian punter Benjamin Best, also known as Killaboi, confessed to the murder of his girlfriend, Augusta Osedion. According to him, he “mistakenly” stabbed her to death during an argument and fled the scene out of fear.
But what makes this case even more disturbing is that, in Killaboi’s Instagram confession, possibly seeking public sympathy, he described the relationship as toxic and disclosed his ongoing battle with suicidal thoughts since the incident.
Unfortunately, we are all well aware that if we were in a society that worked, Killaboi should already be facing the full force of the law.
Now, women are again being reminded that the world isn’t safe for them. Let’s take a look at a few women who had partners who brutally murdered them in the previous year.
Ogochukwu Anene, January 2023
On January 11, 2023, news broke of how Ogochukwu Anene, a mother of five, was allegedly beaten to death by her husband over a loaf of bread. According to their first child, an argument broke out when Ogochukwu asked her husband, Ndubisi, why he finished the bread without leaving some for the children.
In a fit of rage, the man responded by beating her with a mirror, which resulted in her bleeding internally, and she died a few days later in the hospital. Unfortunately, there have been no tangible updates on whether or not Ndubisi paid for his crimes.
Nana was a 38-year-old woman allegedly murdered by her 56-year-old husband, Aminu Abubakar. A statement from the Police Headquarters in Yola revealed that Aminu had heard that Nana had plans to get married to another man the next day, and in a jealous fit, he hit her on the head with a pestle, causing her to fall unconscious. She was later proclaimed dead.
Aminu was arrested by the Police of the Shagari Divisional Headquarters, and investigations are ongoing.
Esther Aya, January 2022
On January 8, 2022, Ovye Yakubu allegedly beat his wife, Esther, to death during an argument over fixing a window net. According to a family member, Ovye attempted to stop the carpenter that his wife had hired from fixing the net, but she persisted on the carpenter finishing his job. This enraged the man, who resorted to assaulting his wife, leading to her death.
Evelyn Alifiya, February 2022
Evelyn’s husband, Joseph Wisdom, strangled her before the police discovered her body on the apartment floor on February 23, 2022. Reportedly, the couple had been having issues for a while, and Joseph had constantly threatened to kill his wife.
However, arrangements were being made by Evelyn’s family for her to leave the house, but things came to a head when she found a gun in Joseph’s bag. She had plans to report this to the police, but he found out and killed her before she could.
According to the FCT Police Spokesperson, Josephine Adeh, the husband has been apprehended, and hopefully justice will be served.
Itunu Chigozie, March 2022
Itunu, pregnant with a child, died after a series of assaults from her husband, Bonus Emmanuel Chigozie, who works as a Master of Ceremonies (MC). Reportedly, Itunu was abused repeatedly during the four-year marriage. On March 10, 2022, after being allegedly assaulted again, she was rushed to the hospital, but neither she nor the baby survived. And Emmanuel has neither been arrested nor prosecuted for his crime yet.
Mercy Samuel, April 2022
Mercy was a 23-year-old mother of two who lived with her husband, Matthew, in Jos. However, she died brutally at his hands when he allegedly ripped open her stomach and disembowelled her during an argument. He also took her phone so she couldn’t call for help, and although she was found and rushed to the hospital, she eventually died. Matthew is still on the run and has yet to be found.
Osinachi Nwachukwu, October 2022
Osinachi was the voice behind the hit gospel song “Ekwueme”, which captured the hearts of many churchgoers. However, she tragically passed away at 42, and it was revealed that she had been a victim of domestic violence for many years.
Despite what her husband and manager, Peter, initially led the media to believe that she died from lung cancer, the late Osinachi’s first son disclosed that his mother died from the injuries she had sustained from the abuse. Peter had allegedly kicked her in the chest, which resulted in a blood clot that eventually led to her death. Currently, Peter is being remanded at Kuje Prison and is awaiting judgement.
According to the Lagos State Domestic and Sexual Violence Agency (DSVA), 2,543 cases of abuse were reported between January and September 2022; about 2,340 were women. Also, according to a 2020 report from the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), about 81,000 women and girls died worldwide, with an intimate partner or family member being responsible for 58% (47,000) of these deaths.
Clearly, if there has ever been a time to be angry, it’s now. Nigeria and Nigerians need to change at the core of our being; we must be empathetic towards women and their struggles.
One sad trend that can be noticed when issues like these arise is how the victims are blamed and excuses are given for the man’s actions.
Women don’t deserve to die because you think they’re “rude”, “loud”, “immoral”, or “materialistic”. When cases like this happen, it’s not the time to tell or advise women on how to be “better” daughters, friends, wives, or girlfriends.
From birth, much energy is put into educating girls on how to survive in “a man’s world”. But, it’s high time that society channel some of that energy into teaching boys to be better humans.
Tell us about your childhood
There was food and shelter, but emotional safety was missing. Whenever my mum came back from work, everyone would scramble because she was always angry about something. Sometimes I used to avoid even sitting in the living room because I might be sitting the wrong way, and she’d lash out.
That level of uncertainty led to anxiety, hypersensitivity, and over-analysing. I was always anxious about the smallest of things.
I’m assuming this affected your relationship with others, like your siblings?
I have three sisters, and our relationship is beautiful. We understand each other on many levels. I think we bonded over the trauma of living with a mum like ours. But I haven’t explored this conversation with them, to be honest.
Let’s talk about your relationship with your mum
Growing up, like every Nigerian girl, you think your mum hates you at some point. Mine was even more intense because, as I said before, my mum is a pastor, and there were lots of religious and vigorous religious activities always going on in our house. It definitely played into my personality traits. The only friends I had were from church, I didn’t have many outside church.
It was all very stressful; going to multiple churches, having pastors come in and out of the house, being a Christian, your parents having certain expectations of you. Now that I’m older, I sort of understand and sympathise with them because I recognise how difficult raising four girls must have been. I’m pretty sure it wasn’t their intention to create that kind of environment, but that was the result.
It was intense; there wasn’t a choice to be anything but a Christain girl. But even then, I didn’t believe in the patriarchy, I’d always questioned that. But life outside of religion was difficult for me to navigate, and still is. Now I ask questions about who I am outside of that very intense Christian upbringing, and sometimes I don’t have the answers.
Now our relationship is a long-distance relationship. We touch base, but nothing too in-depth. I don’t feel like I can really talk to her, we’ve never had that type of relationship, but I recognise that she’s mum, and I know that if shit hits the fan, she’ll be there for me.
How does your healing impact interactions with friends?
If I’m in a gathering with friends, I’m able to notice when I’m overextending myself or people-pleasing. I’m also reluctant to ask for help or accept it. It stems from being hyper-independent from a young age. I’m the firstborn; my sister (the middle sibling) has always been closer to my dad, and my mum was more concerned about my younger sister because she’s deaf, so she had special needs. I was mostly left to figure out myself and also take care of everybody else in a way. I was usually the one they’d ask about laundry or cooking.
Growing up like that, you just get the sense that you’re your protector and provider. I guess that’s why it wasn’t too difficult for me to leave my parent’s house. I remember going to university and thinking, “Whew, this is nice!”
Being on my own has been my way of feeling like I have control over something. My therapist was telling me recently that I have to be okay with relying on people sometimes but also understand that they won’t always be able to come through for me.
Let’s talk about leaving home
In 2018, when I was 24, I moved to Ghana for a scholarship programme. I felt relief but also a little sad. Leaving family and friends was scary, but it also felt freeing. It was like breaking away from the pressures, the belief system, and just the environment.
What belief system?
Christianity. My mum is a pastor and fervent Christain, so we were always in church or going for church programmes or hosting house fellowships. Being away from home and indoctrination, you’re faced with more in-depth interactions that aren’t coloured by religion. Sometimes you start to see the cracks in your existence.
A big example is when I lived with my friend; we had a big fight, and it was about me not being able to express my needs and concerns because I avoided negative reactions. This stemmed from just trying not to make my parents angry, and that felt normal because, as a child, my life was easier if I could avoid it. But as an adult, I had to confront and work that out.
So those interactions force you to see the places where there are issues and what you need to solve. I only started to recognise emotions for what they are when I moved away and had to interact with other people on many different levels. Growing up, emotions were always shut down because, in Christianity, you’re not allowed to be afraid as a child of god or feel anxiety or anything. In a religious setting, you’re either happy or sad, and if you’re sad, you have to go and pray. I remember my dad always saying, “You can’t be afraid because you’re a child of God.” But it never stopped me from feeling the fear, even though things usually worked out. So you never explore or confront what you’re afraid of or anxious about.
Outside of the bubble of Jesus being your joy, you have to find happiness in yourself. You start to ask yourself what makes you happy etc. Being present in your own body and life helps you recognise all these things. So now I’m identifying and recognising emotions like anxiety and hypervigilance and stuff. They’ve always been there, but I now have the language for it. And I know there are other ways to exist. The biggest part of my healing journey is being able to recognise what is outside that bubble.
So, I take it you’re no longer a Christian?
No, and it wasn’t an abrupt decision It took some time to get there and for me to even acknowledge it. Once I left home, there was less pressure to go to church, to pray, to do all these things. And that meant that sometimes I didn’t do these things, and I was okay. I didn’t get attacked by demons or anything of the sort. It was in the little things; for instance, if you dream about eating, the church would have told you that you’ve been poisoned spiritually and you have to pray, but I’ve had that dream, and nothing happened. I’m alive and well.
So as you shift away from that, you see that it’s not that deep. And you even start to question those beliefs. Sometimes you meet other people that are living life completely differently. For instance, one thing that intrigued me when it was still very early on when I first moved. I went for some sisters’ fellowship, and everybody was wearing trousers with nail extensions, they didn’t cover their hair, but I could see that they were very much rooted in their beliefs like other Christians. It was bizarre to me because I’m coming from a background where they’d have told those ladies that they were going to hell for wearing extensions, so it made me think about things differently. There was a lot of fear-mongering, and it felt like normal human things were things that would take you to hell and have horrible consequences.
You see things that help shape your narrative and change your mind. I’ve also been doing a lot of learning; like, I saw a TikTok about how Christianity is a colonisation technique. So I’m getting a lot of information from many places and making my own inferences.
It was a disaster the first time we had that conversation. I came to Lagos to visit, and one day, said I wasn’t going to church. They sat me down and talked and talked. The fear-mongering came up, and one of our family pastors called me every week for two to three months until I eventually stopped picking up his calls.
The second time around, I was much bolder, and said it was my decision. My dad was like, “What do you mean it’s your decision?” and I was like it’s just is. I don’t need to defend or explain it. And he was like, “Where is all this coming from, who have you been talking to?” And I reminded him that I’m almost 30 and I can make my own decisions outside of other people. He asked if I was going to change my mind, and I said we’d see how it goes.
I guess they have a fear of me missing heaven, and there’s also the idea that if you don’t stick to God’s plan, your life won’t turn out the way it’s supposed to. You could end up destitute or poor. I guess that’s what they’re afraid of.
How has the healing affected your relationship with your partner?
It’s been helpful. Now some of the things I’m also aware of is seeing the patterns in other people. A lot of things happen because we fear vulnerability, because growing up, it wasn’t accepted with kindness or patience. And that shows up in different ways for different people. So now I tend to recognise it in my partner, and I can usually point it out and redirect the conversation to a healthy place.
Due to the few things I have learnt (I’m no expert, please), I’m able to help him navigate his own hurt too.
That’s sweet. What are the daily steps you take to make sure you don’t regress?
Regression is normal. Some days, I don’t have the bandwidth or capacity to do the exercises that are required to grow, and that feels like a regression. But it’s all part of the healing process.
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What sort of exercises?
The most recent one is something called identifying and separating facts, feelings and sensations. I learnt it from this book I’m reading: Becoming Safely Embodiedby Diedre Fay.
So facts, feelings and sensation is essentially dealing with an upsetting or triggering event like this: you identify what the facts are, what you’re feeling and the sensations in your body. The idea is to write it all down, then circle the facts, and then underline the feelings and sensations. Then you read only the facts a few times. When I tried it, I found that the more I read the facts, the less intense the feelings. When I started to feel calmer, I went back to read the feelings attached to it and found it easier to work it out.
What other tools do you use?
I spend like 15 minutes meditating every day in the mornings. I also try to focus on core wounds. For instance, if I’m feeling unsafe, I spend a few countering the belief system by stating the facts around it. So questions about safety in my job, my relationship, my finances, my career, emotionally and mentally. I list these things and just counter the feelings with these facts.
Another thing I do is: at the end of the day, I do something called guilt and shame journaling. I look back at my day and list the ways I felt guilty the point is to identify them and find the ways I’m innocent and the ways I’m being realistic in my expectations. For instance, if I’m feeling guilty about taking a nap because I was tired, I claim innocence because it happens sometimes, I’m only human.
I exercise and try to sleep, these two things are really helpful. Having routines are also very helpful.
Any last things you want to share?
Self-development and self-healing work is hard. We all need support. It sounds nice to be self-aware, but it’s a lot of hard, painful work. But if I can see myself navigating life a lot calmer, more peaceful, more secure and just generally better, then it’s all worth it.
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